Module plan

The General Study and Examination Regulations (ASPO 2015) set out the general framework conditions for studies and examinations for the Master's degree programme.
The subject description (SFB) in the appendix to the subject-specific provisions lists the structural areas of the Master's degree programme and the modules assigned to them in tabular form (stating the module abbreviations, examination results, etc.). Please note the changes from winter semester 2024/25 onwards!
The module handbooks provide detailed information on the formalities and content of the individual modules of the Master's degree programme.
The study plan provides information on the feasible course of the Master's degree programme.

Current course catalogue for the Master's degree programme "Medieval and Early Modern Times"

Compulsory area: Research (30 ECTS)

In the compulsory area, you will complete three research modules (10 ECTS credits each), the courses of which are taught by the departments involved in the degree programme. It is recommended that you take one module each in semesters 1, 2 and 3 respectively.

Prerequisite for the module:

No specific prerequisites. Please note that certain language skills are required for individual subjects of the Master's programme (History: Latin, English Studies: English, Romance Studies: French, Italian or Spanish).

Courses of the module:

The module consists of two seminars of 2 SWS each. A lecture of 2 SWS can be taken instead of the second seminar.

Module examination:

10 ECTS can be acquired in this module. The module concludes

a) with a presentation (approx. 20 minutes) with a term paper (approx. 17 pages) or

b) with a term paper (approx. 20 pages) or

c) with a portfolio (approx. 20 pages) or

d) with a written examination (approx. 90 minutes).

This examination/coursework is only to be completed in one of the two seminars. To participate in the examination, register for the module examination with the examination number 323598 in WueStudy. Please note the binding deadlines for exam registration in the respective subject.

Home examination performance:

Use the cover sheet 323598 for your home examination in this module.

Attach a declaration of independence, proof of your examination registration from WueStudy and a printout of your term paper to the completed cover sheet. Hand in the complete documents to your lecturer and observe the binding submission deadlines for the respective subject.

Further information:

Further information on registering for examinations, booking examinations and viewing examinations can be found under Examinations. A description of the content of this module can be found in the module handbooks for the Master's programme in Medieval and Early Modern Studies.

Prerequisite for the module:

No specific prerequisites. Please note that certain language skills are required in individual subjects of the Master's programme (History: Latin, English Studies: English, Romance Studies: French, Italian or Spanish).

Courses of the module:

The module consists of a seminar with 2 SWS.

Module examination:

10 ECTS can be acquired in this module. The module concludes

a) with a presentation (approx. 20 minutes) with a term paper (approx. 17 pages) or

b) with a term paper (approx. 20 pages) or

c) with a portfolio (approx. 20 pages) or

d) with a written examination (approx. 90 minutes).

To take part in the examination, register for the module examination with the examination number 323599 in WueStudy. Please note the binding deadlines for exam registration in the respective subject.

Home examination performance:

Use the cover sheet 323599 for your home examination in this module.

Attach a declaration of independence, proof of your examination registration from WueStudy and a printout of your term paper to the completed cover sheet. Hand in the complete documents to your lecturer and observe the binding submission deadlines for the respective subject.

Further information:

Further information on registering for examinations, booking examinations and viewing examinations can be found under Examinations. A description of the content of this module can be found in the module handbooks for the Master's programme in Medieval and Early Modern Studies.

Prerequisite for the module:

No specific prerequisites. Please note that certain language skills are required in individual subjects of the Master's programme (History: Latin, English Studies: English, Romance Studies: French, Italian or Spanish).

Courses of the module:

The module consists of a work placement and a project of 2 SWS each. All details can be found in the overview sheet INFORMATION ON THE INTERNSHIP MODULE (04-FOR-3), which enrolled students can access in the WueCampus course room of the degree programme. It explains:

which university and non-university courses can be taken for the practical module.
which rules apply to participation and examinations.
how many ECTS credits you can earn for which type of course.
how the booking of the practical module is organised.

To take part in the examination, register for the module examination with the examination number 323600 in WueStudy. The registration deadline for the examination in this module is 1 October (in the winter semester) or 1 April (in the summer semester) and the cancellation deadline is the Saturday before the examination week.

Home examination performance:

The specific modalities of the examinations are explained in the INFORMATION ON THE PRACTICAL MODULE (04-FOR-3), which you can access as an enrolled student in the WueCampus course room of the degree programme.

Use the cover sheet 323600 for your home examination in this module.

Attach a declaration of independence, proof of your examination registration from WueStudy, the confirmation of participation from the organiser and the printout of your examination performance to the completed cover sheet. Unless otherwise agreed, the home examination must be submitted to the Chair of the Examination Board (Prof. Dr J. Hamm) by 15 February (in the winter semester) or 15 August (in the summer semester).

Further information:

Further information on exam registration, booking exams and viewing exams can be found under Exams. A description of the content of this module can be found in the module handbooks of the Master's programme "Medieval and Early Modern Studies".

Compulsory elective area 1: Specialisation (30 ECTS)

In compulsory elective area 1, you study one of eight specialisation subjects. Your specialisation subject is the subject in which you have earned at least 40 ECTS credits in your undergraduate degree. In this subject, you will study the three modules listed below (10 ECTS credits each). It is recommended that you take one module each in semesters 1, 2 and 3.

Module designations:

The following information applies to modules 04-ANG-1, 04-ANG-2 and 04-ANG-3.

Prerequisites for the modules:

The specialisation "English Language and Literature of the Middle Ages and Early Modern Period" requires a sound knowledge of English.

Courses of the modules:

The modules each consist of a seminar with 2 SWS.

Module examination:

10 ECTS can be earned in each module. Each module concludes

a) with a presentation (approx. 20 minutes) followed by a discussion and term paper (20-25 pages) or

b) with an individual oral examination (approx. 30 minutes).

To take part in the examination, register for the module examination in WueStudy with the following examination numbers:

Module 04-ANG-1 has the examination number 323601
Module 04-ANG-2 has the examination number 323602
Module 04-ANG-3 has the examination number 323603.

Please note the binding deadlines for exam registration in the respective sub-subject.

Home examination performance:

Use the following cover sheets for your home examination performance in these modules:

Module 04-ANG-1 has the cover sheet 323601
Module 04-ANG-2 has the cover sheet 323602
Module 04-ANG-3 has the cover sheet 323603

Attach a declaration of independence, proof of your examination registration from WueStudy and a printout of your term paper to the completed cover sheet. Hand in the complete documents to your lecturer and observe the binding submission deadlines for the respective subject.

Further information:

Further information on exam registration, booking exams and viewing exams can be found under Exams. A description of the content of this module can be found in the module handbooks for the Master's programme in Medieval and Early Modern Studies.

Module designations:

The following information applies to modules 04-DSL-1, 04-DSL-2 and 04-DSL-3.

Prerequisites for the modules:

No prerequisites. Knowledge of Latin is desirable.

Courses of the modules:

The modules each consist of a lecture of 2 SWS and a seminar of 3 SWS.

Module examination:

10 ECTS can be earned in each module. Each module concludes

a) with a term paper (15-20 p.) or

b) with a written examination (approx. 90 min.) or

c) with an individual oral examination (approx. 15 min.) or

d) with a presentation (15-30 minutes) with a written paper (5-10 pages).

The examination is only to be taken in the seminar of the module. To participate in the examination, register for the module examination in WueStudy with the following examination numbers:

Module 04-DSL-1 has the examination number 323604
Module 04-DSL-2 has the examination number 323605
Module 04-DSL-3 has the examination number 323606

Please note the binding deadlines for examination registration in the respective subject.

Home examination performance:

Use the following cover sheets for your home examination performance in these modules:

Module 04-DSL-1 has the cover sheet 323604
Module 04-DSL-2 has the cover sheet 323605
Module 04-DSL-3 has the cover sheet 323606

Attach a declaration of independence, proof of your examination registration from WueStudy and a printout of your term paper to the completed cover sheet. Hand in the complete documents to your lecturer and observe the binding submission deadlines for the respective subject.

Further information:

Further information on registering for examinations, booking examinations and viewing examinations can be found under Examinations. A description of the content of this module can be found in the module handbooks for the Master's programme in Medieval and Early Modern Studies.

Module designations:

The following information applies to modules 04-HIST-1 and 04-HIST-3.

Prerequisite for the modules:

The subject "Medieval History and Franconian Regional History" or "History" (from WiSe 2024-25) requires a secure knowledge of Latin.

Courses of the modules:

The modules each consist of a lecture of 2 SWS and a seminar of 2 SWS.

Module examination:

10 ECTS can be earned in each module.

Each module concludes with a presentation (approx. 25 minutes) with thesis paper (approx. 2 pages) and term paper (approx. 15 pages), whereby the two parts are each weighted 30 : 70.

The examination is only to be taken in the seminar of the module. To participate in the examination, register for the module examination in WueStudy with the following examination numbers:

Module 04-HIST-1 has the examination number 316994
Module 04-HIST-3 has the examination number 316997

Please note the binding deadlines for exam registration in the respective subject.

Home examination performance:

Use the following cover sheets for your home examination performance in these modules:

Module 04-HIST-1 has the cover sheet 316994
Module 04-HIST-3 has the cover sheet 316997

Attach a declaration of independence, proof of your examination registration from WueStudy and a printout of your term paper to the completed cover sheet. Hand in the complete documents to your lecturer and observe the binding submission deadlines for the respective subject.

Further information:

Further information on registering for examinations, booking examinations and viewing examinations can be found under Examinations. A description of the content of this module can be found in the module handbooks for the Master's programme in Medieval and Early Modern Studies.

Module designations:

The following information applies to module 04-HIST-2.

Prerequisite for the module:

The subject "Modern History" or "History" (from winter semester 24/25) requires a sound knowledge of Latin.

Courses of the module:

The modules each consist of a lecture of 2 SWS and a seminar of 2 SWS. One of the courses can be offered as an exercise.

Module examination:

10 ECTS can be acquired in this module.

The module concludes with a written examination (approx. 45 minutes).

The examination can only be taken in the seminar of the module. To participate in the examination, register for the module examination with the examination number 323608 in WueStudy. Please note the binding deadlines for exam registration in the respective subject.

Home examination performance:

Use the cover sheet 323608 for your home examination in module 04-HIST-2.

Attach a declaration of independence, proof of your examination registration from WueStudy and a printout of your term paper to the completed cover sheet. Hand in the complete documents to your lecturer and observe the binding submission deadlines for the respective subject.

Further information:

Further information on registering for examinations, booking examinations and viewing examinations can be found under Examinations. A description of the content of this module can be found in the module handbooks for the Master's programme in Medieval and Early Modern Studies.

Module designations:

The following information applies to the modules 04-HISTNEU-1, 04-HISTNEU-2 and 04-HISTNEU-3.

Prerequisite for the modules:

The subject "Modern History" or "History" (from winter semester 24/25) requires a sound knowledge of Latin.

Courses of the modules:

The modules consist of a lecture of 2 SWS and a seminar of 2 SWS.

Module examination:

10 ECTS can be earned in each of these modules.

Each module concludes with a term paper (25 pages).

The examination is only to be taken in the seminar of the module. To participate in the examination, register for the module examinations in WueStudy with the following examination number:

04-HISTNEU-1 has the examination number 324864
04-HISTNEU-2 has the examination number 324865
04-HISTNEU-3 has the examination number 324866

Please note the binding deadlines for exam registration in the respective sub-subject.

Domestic examination performance:

Use the following cover sheets for your home examination:

04-HISTNEU-1 has the cover sheet 324864
04-HISTNEU-2 has the cover sheet 324865
04-HISTNEU-3 has the cover sheet 324866

Attach a declaration of independence, proof of your examination registration from WueStudy and a printout of your term paper to the completed cover sheet. Hand in the complete documents to your lecturer and observe the binding submission deadlines for the respective subject.

Further information:

Further information on registering for examinations, booking examinations and viewing examinations can be found under Examinations. A description of the content of this module can be found in the module handbooks for the Master's programme in Medieval and Early Modern Studies.

Module designations:

The following information applies to the modules 04-KUG-1 and 04-KUG-3

Prerequisites for the modules:

No special prerequisites.

Courses of the module:

The modules each consist of a lecture of 2 SWS and a seminar of 2 SWS.

Module examination:

10 ECTS can be acquired in this module. The module concludes

a) with a written examination (approx. 120 min.) or

b) with an individual oral examination (approx. 30 min.) or

c) with a presentation (approx. 45 minutes) with thesis paper (approx. 2 pages) and term paper (10-15 pages).

The examination is only to be taken in the seminar of the module. To participate in the examination, please register for the module examination in WueStudy with the examination number

04-KUG-1 has the examination number 323610
04-KUG-3 has the examination number 323612

Please note the binding deadlines for exam registration in the respective subject.

Domestic examination performance:

Use the following cover sheets for your home examination:

04-KUG-1 has the cover sheet 323610
04-KUG-3 has the cover sheet 323612

Attach a declaration of independence, proof of your examination registration from WueStudy and a printout of your term paper to the completed cover sheet. Hand in the complete documents to your lecturer and observe the binding submission deadlines for the respective subject.

Further information:

Further information on registering for examinations, booking examinations and viewing examinations can be found under Examinations. A description of the content of this module can be found in the module handbooks for the Master's programme in Medieval and Early Modern Studies.

Module designations:

The following information applies to module 04-KUG-2.

Prerequisites for the module:

No prerequisites.

Courses of the module:

The module consists of a seminar with 2 SWS.

Module examination:

10 ECTS can be acquired in this module.

The module concludes with a presentation (approx. 45 minutes) with thesis paper (approx. 2 pages) and term paper (20 pages).

To participate in the examination, register for the module examination with the examination number 323611 in WueStudy. Please note the binding deadlines for examination registration in the respective subject.

Home examination performance:

Use the cover sheet 323611 for your home examination.

Attach a declaration of independence, proof of your examination registration from WueStudy and a printout of your term paper to the completed cover sheet. Hand in the complete documents to your lecturer and observe the binding submission deadlines for the respective subject.

Further information:

Further information on registering for examinations, booking examinations and viewing examinations can be found under Examinations. A description of the content of this module can be found in the module handbooks for the Master's programme in Medieval and Early Modern Studies.

Module designations:

The following information applies to the modules 04-MUWI-1, 04-MUWI-2 and 04-MUWI-3.

Prerequisite for the modules:

Knowledge of Latin is desirable.

Courses of the modules:

The modules consist of a lecture of 2 SWS and a seminar of 2 SWS.

Module examination:

10 ECTS can be earned in each of these modules.

Each module concludes with a term paper (20 pages).

To participate in the examination, register for the module examinations in WueStudy with the following examination number:

04-MUWI-1 has the examination number 323613
04-MUWI-2 has the examination number 323614
04-MUWI-3 has the examination number 323615.

Please note the binding deadlines for exam registration in the respective sub-subject.

Domestic examination performance:

Use the following cover sheets for your home examination:

04-MUWI-1 has the cover sheet 323613
04-MUWI-2 has the cover sheet 323614
04-MUWI-3 has the cover sheet 323615

Attach a declaration of independence, proof of your examination registration from WueStudy and a printout of your term paper to the completed cover sheet. Hand in the complete documents to your lecturer and observe the binding submission deadlines for the respective subject.

Further information:

Further information on registering for examinations, booking examinations and viewing examinations can be found under Examinations. A description of the content of this module can be found in the module handbooks for the Master's programme in Medieval and Early Modern Studies.

Module designations:

The following information applies to modules 06-PHI-1, 06-PHI-2 and 06-PHI-3.

Prerequisites for the modules:

No prerequisites.

Courses of the modules:

The modules consist of a seminar with 2 SWS.

Module examination:

10 ECTS can be acquired in each of these modules. Each module concludes

a) with a term paper (approx. 20 pages) or

b) with an individual oral examination (approx. 30 minutes).

To take part in the examination, register for the module examinations in WueStudy with the following examination number:

06-PHI-1 has the examination number 323619
06-PHI-2 has the examination number 323620
06-PHI-3 has the examination number 323621

Please note the binding deadlines for exam registration in the respective sub-subject.

Domestic examination performance:

Use the following cover sheets for your home examination:

06-PHI-1 has the cover sheet 323619
06-PHI-2 has the cover sheet 323620
06-PHI-3 has the cover sheet 323621

Attach to the completed cover sheet adeclaration of independencethe proof of your examination registration from WueStudy and the printout of your term paper. Hand in the complete documents to your lecturer and observe the binding submission deadlines for the respective subject.

Further information:

Further information on registering for examinations, booking examinations and viewing examinations can be found under Examinations. A description of the content of this module can be found in the module handbooks for the Master's programme in Medieval and Early Modern Studies.

Module designations:

The following information applies to module 04-ROM-1.

Prerequisites for the modules:

The Master's subject Romance Studies requires a sound knowledge of French or Spanish or Italian.

Courses of the module:

The module consists of a seminar with 2 SWS.

Module examination:

10 ECTS can be acquired in this module.

The module concludes with a term paper (approx. 20 pages).

To take part in the examination, register for the module examination with the examination number 323622 in WueStudy. Please note the binding deadlines for exam registration in the respective subject.

Home examination performance:

Use the cover sheet 323622 for your home examination.

Attach a declaration of independence, proof of your examination registration from WueStudy and a printout of your term paper to the completed cover sheet. Hand in the complete documents to your lecturer and observe the binding submission deadlines for the respective subject.

Further information:

Further information on registering for examinations, booking examinations and viewing examinations can be found under Examinations. A description of the content of this module can be found in the module handbooks for the Master's programme in Medieval and Early Modern Studies.

Module designations:

The following information applies to module 04-ROM-2.

Prerequisites for the modules:

The Master's subject Romance Studies requires a sound knowledge of French or Spanish or Italian.

Courses of the module:

The module consists of a seminar with 2 SWS.

Module examination:

10 ECTS can be earned in this module. The module concludes

a) with a term paper (approx. 20 p.) or

b) with a portfolio (approx. 20 pages).

To take part in the examination, register for the module examination with the examination number 323623 in WueStudy. Please note the binding deadlines for exam registration in the respective subject.

Home examination performance:

Use the cover sheet 323623 for your home examination.

Attach a declaration of independence, proof of your examination registration from WueStudy and a printout of your term paper to the completed cover sheet. Hand in the complete documents to your lecturer and observe the binding submission deadlines for the respective subject.

Further information:

Further information on registering for examinations, booking examinations and viewing examinations can be found under Examinations. A description of the content of this module can be found in the module handbooks for the Master's programme in Medieval and Early Modern Studies.

Module designations:

The following information applies to module 04-ROM-3.

Prerequisites for the modules:

The Master's subject Romance Studies requires a sound knowledge of French or Spanish or Italian.

Courses of the module:

The module consists of a seminar with 2 SWS.

Module examination:

10 ECTS can be earned in this module. The module concludes

a) with a portfolio (approx. 20 pages) or

b) with an individual oral examination (approx. 30 minutes).

To take part in the examination, register for the module examination in WueStudy with the examination number 323624. Please note the binding deadlines for exam registration in the respective subject.

Home examination performance:

Use the cover sheet 323624 for your home examination.

Attach a declaration of independence, proof of your examination registration from WueStudy and a printout of your term paper to the completed cover sheet. Hand in the complete documents to your lecturer and observe the binding submission deadlines for the respective subject.

Further information:

Further information on registering for examinations, booking examinations and viewing examinations can be found under Examinations. A description of the content of this module can be found in the module handbooks for the Master's programme in Medieval and Early Modern Studies.

Module designations:

The following information applies to module 04-KTHE-1; 04-KTHE-2 and 04-KTHE-3.

Prerequisites for the modules:

No prerequisites.

Courses of the module:

The module consists of an exercise with 2 SWS.

Module examination:

10 ECTS can be acquired in these modules. The modules conclude

a) with a term paper (approx. 20 pages) with presentation (approx. 30 minutes) or

b) with a portfolio examination (approx. 25 pages) or

b) with an individual oral examination (approx. 60 minutes).

To participate in the examination, register for the module examination in WueStudy with the following examination numbers:

Module 04-KTHE-1 has the examination number 342062
Module 04-KTHE-2 has the examination number 342063
Module 04-KTHE-3 has the examination number 342064

Please note the binding deadlines for examination registration in the respective sub-subject.

Home examination performance:

Use the following cover sheets for your home examination performance in these modules:

Module 04-KTHE-1 has the cover sheet 342062
Module 04-KTHE-2 has the cover sheet 342063
Module 04-KTHE-3 has the cover sheet 342064

Attach a declaration of independence, proof of your examination registration from WueStudy and a printout of your term paper to the completed cover sheet. Hand in the complete documents to your lecturer and observe the binding submission deadlines for the respective subject.

Further information:

Further information on registering for examinations, booking examinations and viewing examinations can be found under Examinations. A description of the content of this module can be found in the module handbooks for the Master's programme in Medieval and Early Modern Studies.

Compulsory elective area 2: Specialised studies (30 ECTS)

In compulsory elective area 2, you select three modules (10 ECTS credits each) from the module pool of all subjects involved in the Master's programme. On the one hand, you can choose modules from the "Module group of the entire specialisation subjects" (your own specialisation subject cannot be chosen again). On the other hand, you can choose modules from the "Medieval and Early Modern Studies module group", which includes subjects that cannot be chosen as specialisation subjects. It is up to you which module group you choose your three modules from, whether you mix modules from both groups, whether you choose three modules from one subject or one module from each of three subjects. It is recommended that you take one module each in semesters 1, 2 and 3.

Module group "specialisation subjects":

In this module group, all modules of the eight specialisation subjects listed above under "Compulsory elective area 1: Specialisation" can be selected (only your own specialisation subject cannot be taken again here). If, for example, "German Studies" is your major subject in the Master's programme, you can take modules from the other major subjects English Studies, History, Romance Studies, etc. in "Compulsory Elective Area 2: Specialised Studies".

Description of the modules:

The module descriptions of the specialisation subjects listed above in "Compulsory elective area 1: Specialisation" apply.

Examination registration, cover sheet

The module descriptions of the specialisation subjects listed above apply. To register for examinations in "Specialised studies", use the examination number and the cover sheet that you will find in the respective module description above in "Compulsory elective area 1 (specialisation)". When registering for examinations, you can choose which compulsory elective area the module should be assigned to. Select "Compulsory elective area 2 (specialisation)" here. An inadvertently incorrect assignment can be changed retroactively by the Examination Office up to four weeks after passing the last examination of the degree programme (ASPO § 34 para. 4). Please note the binding deadlines for examination registration in the respective sub-subject.

Further information:

Further information on registering for examinations, booking examinations and viewing examinations can be found under Examinations. A description of the content of this module can be found in the module handbooks for the Master's programme in Medieval and Early Modern Studies.

Module designations:

The module group "Medieval and Early Modern Studies" comprises the subjects European Ethnology/European Ethnology, Legal History, Classical Philology (Latin), Museology, Sinology and Slavic Studies. The following information applies to the modules 04-FACH-1, 04-FACH-2, 04-FACH-3 and 04-FACH-4.

Prerequisites for the modules:

If competences are acquired in the subject "Chinese Studies", the language of instruction and examination is English. If competences are acquired in the subject Classical Philology (Latin), a sound knowledge of Latin is required.

Courses of the modules:

The modules consist of one seminar with 4 SWS or two seminars with 2 SWS each.

Module examination:

10 ECTS can be acquired in each module. Each module concludes

a) with a presentation (20 minutes) with a term paper (approx. 17 pages) or

b) with a term paper (approx. 20 pages) or

c) with a portfolio (approx. 20 pages) or

d) with a written examination (approx. 90 minutes).

To participate in the examination, register for the module examination in WueStudy with the following examination numbers:

Module 04-FACH-1 has the examination number 323625
Module 04-FACH-2 has the examination number 323626
Module 04-FACH-3 has the examination number 323627
Module 04-FACH-3 has the examination number 323628

Please note the binding deadlines for examination registration in the respective sub-subject.

Home examination performance:

Use the following cover sheets for your home examination performance in these modules:

Module 04-FACH-1 has the cover sheet 323625
Module 04-FACH-2 has the cover sheet 323626
Module 04-FACH-3 has the cover sheet 323627
Module 04-FACH-3 has the cover sheet 323628

Attach a declaration of independence, proof of your examination registration from WueStudy and a printout of your term paper to the completed cover sheet. Hand in the complete documents to your lecturer and observe the binding submission deadlines for the respective subject.

Further information:

Further information on registering for examinations, booking examinations and viewing examinations can be found under Examinations. A description of the content of this module can be found in the module handbooks for the Master's programme in Medieval and Early Modern Studies.

Finalisation area: Thesis

The final section comprises the thesis. It is recommended to write it in the 4th semester.

Module designations:

The following information applies to module 04-MA-MA-FNZ.

Module examination:

The module consists of the Master's thesis (30 ECTS). All information on registering for, writing and submitting the Master's thesis can be found under Examinations.

Please note: Non-binding English translation. The German version is the only legally binding text.

Hubland Süd, Geb. PH1

Picture credits